Drill cutter



Au 23, 1932. 'REED 1,373,327

DRILL CUTTER Original Filed May 26, 1927 11V VEN TOR. Effliieed A TTORNEE'S Patented Aug. 23, 1932 UNITED STATES v I EARL A. RE D; on TULSA, OKLAHOMA I DRILL CUTTER.

Original application filed May 26,1927, serial No. 194,315. Divided and this application file d'irul 25,.

1928. Serial No. 295,3 9. A

This invention relates to improvements in earth boring drills and forms a division of my copending application Serial N o. 194,-.

H 315, filed 26, 1927. 1

The present invention relates more par ticularly to the frusto-conical type of cutter andthe manner of mounting the same upon 3 a bit head, It is an object of my-invention to provid oamounting for frusto-conical cutters which will afford a maximum bearing surface area and whichat the same time will facilitate the removal and substitution of both the cut- 1 internal surface of the cutter is formedas shown in'Figure 2with an annular groove 55"" ter and bearing elements.

plifying and effecting economies in the manufacture and use thereof, as will more definitely appear from the following description "and accompanying drawing.

Referring now to the severalviewsof the drawing,

Figure 1 is a view partly in vertical seci tion of a bit head having a pair of frusto- "conical roller cutters mounted therein'in ac cordance with'the present invention,

"Figure 2 is a top plan view of the cutter, and

Figure 3 is a top plan view of the conical indicated generallv by the reference charac- -ter 1. This drill head is formed with a pair of spaced, depending spindles or legs 2 on which the respective rotary cutters are mounted. The space 3 between the two spin-;- dles is just sulficient to accommodate the two an internally screw-threaded bore which :is V adapted to receive an externally ,screw- 90 rotary cutters in substantially abutting rela- 'tion. The drill head is provided at-its' upper end with the usualthreaded portion 4a which constitutes one part of a coupling member. The head is also provided with the usual water duct indicated at 5.

The two cutters and their mountings are identical, and'l will therefore describe the 'providedwith any suitable formations for details of but one thereof.- The spindle 2 is formed with a frusto-conioalsurface which I I desired form. It will thus be seen that the pin 18 is readily removable from itsengage- 1 in transverse section presents two surface Further object's relate to the construction and design of theparts with a View. to simanother and the lower one of which isintended to lie substantially horizontally when thedrill is in operation. Projecting downwardly from the lower horizontal surface of the spindle is an integral pin 12, the purpose vof which will be hereinafter pointed out.

A bushing 7 is'formed with an internal frusto-jconical surface of such size as to snugly fit the frusto-conioal surface of the spindle.

the-internal frusto-oonical surface of the roller cutter has bearing engagement. The

or, channel 11 for the reception of'the pin 12 heretofore mentioned and also of a second pin 13. These two pins pass through corresponding apertures 14' and 15 formed in v the bushing er and engage the lateral and bottom walls of the groove 11. 'As

shown in 'Figure 1 the pins 12 and 13 are disposed substantially at right angles to each other and it'will therefore be apparentthat 7 when suchpinsare' engaged within the annular' groove 11 it will be impossible forthe cutter to be-separated in an axial "direction from the bushing and spindle. Obviously the cutter and bushing elements could not be H I assembled in the relationship in which they 30 are shown in Figure 1 if both-of pins 12 and 13 were rigidly formed on the spindle. For this reason onezof such pins is so constructed and arranged as to be removably and adjust.- j V ably associated with the spindle. In the, em- T bodiment illustrated thepin 13 is located in a transverse aperture 16 of the spindle 2 andthis pin has provided in its outer end bore is internally threaded to cooperate with V an externally threaded enlargement 19 formed on the bolt 18. w The head 19 may be.

the receptionof an operating toolof any PATIENT. o'FFicE v This bushing also has a similarly 6" formed external bearing surface with which ment with the annular groove 11, aperture 14.- and the bore 16 of the spindle and that this pin may be adjustably positioned within the last mentioned bore.

An important characteristic of the present invention is theright angular relation of the surfaceelements of the frusto conical spindle. This is clearly represented in Fig. 1 wherein an axial section through the spindle discloses truly vertical and horizontal surfaces. One advantage of this construction,

which is common to this application and the" applicationhereinabovereferred to, is that the spindle supports the loads imposed upon it in operation substantially entirely along vertical-lines, thus subjecting the spindle only to compression stresses and substantially, eliminating all leverage stresses, This construction possesses an important added advantage in connection with the present invention in that it permits the use} of 'aj'bush-j ing of unitary-,construction. It should be apparent thatit wouldbe practically impossible-to assemble a structure. such as isherein shown 1f the surface elements of the various frusto-conical members were not disposed in substantially right angularirelation. However, by virtue of this right angular IQlfirh tionship of surfaceielements, it is a simple ,matter toiassemble the cutter and bushing with the spindle and'integral locking pin by merely moving the cutter and bushing to-- ward the spindle with the surfaces diametrically opposite the pin and aperture respectively, in sliding engagement- Thus, it is possible to use a bushing-of unitary construction and to receive the. advantages of such construction;

claims.

The construction ,as thus described is 5 particular utility in connection. with drill heads and cutters of relatively small sizes since it affords a maximum bearing surface area andyet retains all of theadvantages of" mountings adapted more. particularly for larger drills, such for example as that shownin my copending applicationabove referred to.. However, the present invention, may be utilized in connection with cutters and drill heads of any desired size; v 7

It is to be understood that the present invention' is susceptible of some modification and is not necessarily limited to the precise details of construction herein shown and described. For example, the stud 12 mightbe,

' formed as a separate locking element and be carrledfr'eely in the aperture 15'of the bushing with its ends in engagement with 'an aperture in legs 2 and the annular groove in the butter 8 respectively, This and other deta l alterations I regard V as falling within thescope of my invention and for this reason it is my intention thatthis invention be unrestricted Y other than i by" the appended.

I claim 1. In a device of the character described, the combination with a drill head, of a frustoconical spindle secured thereto, a bearing element having internal and external frustoconicalisurfaces and a frusto-conical roller cutter having an internal frusto-coni'cal surface, the internalsurface of said bearing element being adapted for engagement with 'the'frusto-conical spindle and the external surface of said bearing element having enment with said cutter for maintaining said cutter, bearing and spindle in assembled relation said means terminating between the surfaces of the frustofconical cutterav 'gagement with the internal surface of said cutter and means projecting from said spindle thru said bearing elementand into engage so 2. In a device of the character described:

abearing member having an external frustoconical bearing surface, a frusto-conical cut-L terhavmg an nternal frusto-comcal bearmg surface adapted for engagement with the ex.

ternal surface of said bearing member and means passing thru the frusto-conicalportion of said bearingmember ,at spaced. points and f engaging said. cutter for permittingrelatives; rotationiof said cutter and bearing member but. preventing axial separation thereof.

3 3 [In a device ofthecharacter described,

a bearing member'having an external frustos conicalbearing surface, a' frusto-comcalcutiter having an internal frusto-conical bearing surface adapted for engagement. with ,the' 1 external surface of said bearing member, the internal frusto-conical surfaceof said cutter having an annular groove therein andvsaid 4 bearing member having aperturesi arranged in. registration with said groove and pins? passing thru said apertures and into-said groove, whereby to prevent axial separation of said cutter and bearing. member whilep'erjmitting relative rotation thereof.

4. In a device of the character described, I

the combination with a drill head, of afrustoconical spindle secured thereto,a bearing element having internal and external frusto conical surfaces and a frusto-conical roller';

in registration with said groove and means projecting from said spindle thru said aper-x tures and into said groove for maintaining the several parts in assembled relation while permitting free rotation of the cutter.

;.5. In a device of the character described, i

the combination with a drill-head, of a frustoconical spindle secured thereto, a bearing element having'internal and external frusto-o conical surfaces and a frusto-conical roller cutter having an internal frusto-conical surface,'the internal surface ofsaid bearing element being adapted for engagement with the frusto-conical spindle and the external .surface of said bearing elementhaving engagement with the internal surface of said cutter, the internal surface of said cutter being formed with an annular groove therein and 1 cutter having an internal frusto-conical surface, the internal surface of said bearing element being adapted for engagement with the frusto-conical spindle and the external surface of said bearing element having'engage- "ment with the internal surface of said cutter,

the internal surface of said cutter being formed with an annular groove therein and said bearing element having spaced apertures in registration with said groove and means projecting from said spindle thru said apertures and into said groove for maintaining the several parts in assembled relationwhile' permitting free rotation of the cutter, said means comprising a first pin formed integral with said spindle, said spindle having a bore therein arranged substantially at rightangles to the axis of said pin and a second pin disposed in said bore and removably and adj ustably associated with said spindle and adapted to be projected beyond the surface thereof and into'engagement with one of said apertures and said groove.

7. A structure substantially in accordance with claim 5 and wherein said pins extend. substantially at right angles to the surface of said spindle.

8. A structure substantially in accordance with claim 5 and wherein said pins are arranged substantially at right angles to each other and each said pin extends substantially at right angles to the surface of said spindle.

9. In a device of the character described, the combination with a drill head, of a frus to-conical spindle secured thereto, a bearing element having internal and external frustoconical surfaces and a. frusto-conical roller cutter having an internal frusto-conical surface, the internal surface of said bearing element being adapted for engagement with the frusto-conical spindle and the external surface of said bearing element having engagemerit-with the internal surface of said cutter,- the internal surface of said cutter being formed with an annular groove therein and said bearing element having spaced apertures in registration with said groove and means projecting from said spindle thru said apertures and into said groove for maintaining the several parts in assembled relation while permitting freerotation of the cutter, said means comprising a first pinformed integral with said spindle, said spindle havinga bore therein arrangedsubstantially at right angles to the axis of said pin and a second pin dis posed in said bore and removablyand adj ustably associated with said spindle and adapted to be projected beyond the surface thereof and into engagement with one of said apertures and said groove, said second pin-having an internally screw-threaded bore in the outer end thereof and a plug having screws threadedengagement with the bore of said spindle and having an externally threaded shank for engagement with the threaded'bore of said pin. y

V 10. In a device of the character described, the combination with a supportingmember having a frusto-conical external surface which in axial sectionpresents right angularly disposed surface elements, of a member 1 to be rotatably supported thereby and havmg a correspondingly formed internal surface, a pin projecting at right angles to the surface of-said supporting member and adapted to engage an annular channel formed in the said frusto-conical internal surface and a second pin removably associated with said supporting member and likewise adapted to engage in said annular channel, whereby" to prevent separation of said members 11. A roller boring drillhead'composed of i a single piece including two integral downwardly' projectinglegs' diametrically opposite each other, frusto-conical spindles formed'on said legs and whose axes are.in clined downwardly and inwardly and whose surface elementsareapproximatelyat right I angles to each other so that the lowermost portion thereof forms a line approximately jecting downward from the surface of each i of said spindles, and each of said spindles having a lateralaperture, a removablelocking device carried in each said aperture and 7 adapted to be projected beyond the surface of the spindle, bushings having frusto-coniinternal and external surfaces and cal adapted for engagement'with said spindles, said bushings having apertures through which said locking elements are adapted to project and frusto-conical roller cutters each having an internal frusto-con cal surface for engagement with said bushings and having an annular groove into which said-locking elements extend.

'12. In a device of the character described, a bearing member having an external frustoconical bearing surface, a frusto-conical cutterhaving an internal frusto-conical surface adapted for engagement withltheexternal surface of said bearing member, the opposed su-rface eleinents thereof being disposed at approximately right angles to each otherwhereby the lowermost portion forms a line substantially horizontal to the vertical axis of the bit and the innermostportion thereof forms a 'line substantially parallel with the vertical-axis of the bit, and means passing through the frusto-conical portion of said bearing member, and engaging said cutter for permitting relative rotation of said cutterand bearing members and preventing axial ment being adapted for engagement with the frusto-conical spindle and the external surface of saidbearlng'element having engagement with the internal surface of said cut- V ter, the lDiSGIIlZtl surface of said cutter having an annular groove formed therein, and means projecting from said spindle through said bearing element and into said annular groove for maintaining said cutter bearing and spindle in assembled relation.

'15. In a device of the character described, a bearing member having an external frustoconical bearing surface, a frust-o-conical cutter having an internal frusto-conical bear- ,ing surface adapted for engagement with the external surface of sald bearlng member, the

' internal frusto-conical surface of said cutter member having an annular groove formed 50'.

' ing member and engaging said cutter for per-' therein, and means passing through said bearmitting-relative rotation of said cutter and bearing member but preventing axial separation thereof.

16. In adevice of the character described, the combinationwith a drill head, of a frustoconical spindlesecured thereto, a bearing ele-, ment havmg internal and external frusto-conical surfaces and a frusto-conical roller cutterhaving an internal frustor-conical surface,

Y the internal surface of said bearingelement being adapted for engagement with-the frusto-conical spindle and the external surfaceof said bearing element having engagement with. the internal surface of said cutter, and

a member integral-with said spindle p'r0j ecting therefrom-through said bearingelement and into engagement with said cutter for maintaining said cutter, bearing and spindle in assembled relation. j; 1

' 17. 'In'a device of the character described, a bearing member having an external frustoconical bearing surface, a-frusto-conical out ter having an internal frusto-conical bearing surfaceadapted for engagement with the ex ternal surface of said-bearingmember,and a member passing-through the frusto-conical f surface of said bearing member, normal to an element thereof, and engaging said cutter for permitting relative rotation ofsaid cutter and bearing'member butpreventin'g axial 'separationthereof. In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

EARL A. REED soar r I f 

